{"id":762,"date":"2018-06-05T19:17:35","date_gmt":"2018-06-05T17:17:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/markus-blog.de\/?p=762"},"modified":"2019-09-23T19:27:15","modified_gmt":"2019-09-23T17:27:15","slug":"how-to-migrate-nextcloud-to-a-new-server-with-ubuntu-16-04-lts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/markus-blog.de\/index.php\/2018\/06\/05\/how-to-migrate-nextcloud-to-a-new-server-with-ubuntu-16-04-lts\/","title":{"rendered":"How to migrate Nextcloud to a new Server with Ubuntu 16.04 LTS"},"content":{"rendered":"

Today I want to show you how to move a Nextcloud instance to a new VPS. Reasons may be that our one runs out of space and the VPS can not be increased by the provider.<\/p>\n

We should be aware that depending on the TTL in the DNS a downtime for our Nextcloud instance arises. If possible reduce the TTL to the minimum (depending on the DNS provider) and for larger amounts of data you can do a first synchronization one day before. In any case, I recommend testing the procedure once and familiarizing yourself with this manual. Afterwards the live migration can be carried out.<\/p>\n

Step 1: Preparation of the new server<\/strong><\/p>\n

A prerequisite, of course, is a new VPS with more storage space and shell access, which we prepare for Nextcloud. For Nextcloud 13 and php7.2-fpm with Apache2 and mysql, we can do the following things.<\/p>\n

sudo apt install -y software-properties-common\r\nsudo apt install -y python-software-properties\r\nsudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej\/php\r\nsudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej\/apache2\r\nsudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:certbot\/certbot\r\nsudo apt update\r\nsudo apt install -y lamp-server^\r\nsudo apt install -y libapache2-mod-php7.2 php7.2-cli php7.2-common php7.2-mbstring php7.2-gd php7.2-intl php7.2-xml php7.2-mysql php7.2-zip php7.2-dev php7.2-curl php7.2-fpm php-dompdf php-apcu redis-server php-redis unzip nano\r\nsudo a2dismod php7.2 mpm_prefork\r\nsudo a2enmod proxy_fcgi setenvif mpm_event\r\nsudo a2enconf php7.2-fpm\r\nsudo apt install -y python-certbot-apache<\/pre>\n
we secure our mysql-installation:<\/p>\n
sudo mysql_secure_installation<\/pre>\n
and adjust apache2-conf:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/apache2.conf<\/pre>\n
change the following code:<\/p>\n
<Directory \/var\/www\/>\r\nOptions Indexes FollowSymLinks\r\nAllowOverride None<\/span>\r\nRequire all granted\r\n<\/Directory><\/pre>\n
to<\/p>\n
<Directory \/var\/www\/>\r\nOptions Indexes FollowSymLinks\r\nAllowOverride All<\/span>\r\nRequire all granted\r\n<\/Directory><\/pre>\n
an don’t forget the php.ini:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/php\/7.2\/fpm\/php.ini<\/pre>\n
paste the following parameters:<\/p>\n
opcache.enable=1\r\nopcache.enable_cli=1\r\nopcache.interned_strings_buffer=8\r\nopcache.max_accelerated_files=10000\r\nopcache.memory_consumption=128\r\nopcache.save_comments=1\r\nopcache.revalidate_freq=1<\/pre>\n
If php-APCu is in use, then the php.ini must be extended accordingly, see also here<\/a>.<\/p>\n
To synchronize, we’ll use rsync later, if not installed, then just install it:<\/p>\n
sudo apt install rsync<\/pre>\n
To use rsync with sudo, we need to adjust the \/etc\/sudoers on the destination server:<\/p>\n
Check path of rsync:<\/p>\n
which rsync<\/pre>\n
then:<\/p>\n
sudo visudo<\/pre>\n
and at the very bottom, add the following as the last line (adjust the path):<\/p>\n
username  ALL=NOPASSWD:\/usr\/bin\/rsync<\/pre>\n
Save file.<\/p>\n
Step 2: Migration of Nextcloud data, certificates, and Apache2 vhosts <\/strong><\/p>\n
Live migration only<\/strong><\/em>: Before we begin, we should adapt the DNS record (A and possibly AAAA) to the new server IP..<\/p>\n
We start with the smaller stuff and sync the certificates and Apache2 vHosts to the new server.<\/p>\n
Synchronize certificates (adapt paths and new hostname \/ IP, sudo user should also exist on new server):<\/p>\n
sudo rsync -azv --rsync-path=\"sudo rsync\" --progress \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/nextcloud.your-domain.tld\/ username@hostname:\/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/nextcloud.your-domain.tld\/<\/pre>\n
Synchronize Apache2-vHosts:<\/p>\n
sudo rsync -azv --rsync-path=\"sudo rsync\" --progress \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/001-nextcloud* username@hostname:\/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/<\/pre>\n
Live migration only<\/strong><\/em>: Now we activate the maintenance mode in Nextcloud:<\/p>\n
sudo -u www-data php \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/occ maintenance:mode --on<\/pre>\n
and continue with the data:<\/p>\n
sudo rsync -azv --rsync-path=\"sudo rsync\" --progress \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/ username@hostname:\/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud<\/pre>\n
Step 3: Migrate Database<\/strong><\/p>\n
On the source server, we dump the Nextcloud database with:<\/p>\n
mysqldump -u root -pdein-passwort -h localhost --verbose nextcloud > \/tmp\/nextcloud.sql<\/pre>\n
(right: no space behind -p)<\/p>\n
and copy the dump-file with scp to the new server:<\/p>\n
scp \/tmp\/nextcloud.sql username@hostname:\/tmp\/<\/pre>\n
Before importing the database, we create en empty one:<\/p>\n
mysql -u root -p\r\ncreate database nextcloud;\r\nexit<\/pre>\n
we import the database to the new host:<\/p>\n
mysql -u root -pyour-password nextcloud <\/tmp\/nextcloud.sql<\/pre>\n
and we create the database-user:<\/p>\n
sudo mysql -u root -p\r\ncreate user nextcloud@localhost identified by 'YOUR_PASSWORD';\r\ngrant all privileges on nextcloud.* to nextcloud@localhost;\r\nflush privileges;\r\nexit;<\/pre>\n
If we do not know the old password for the mysql user, we can look in the config.php.<\/p>\n
cat \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/config\/config.php | grep dbpassword<\/pre>\n
Step 4: Activate Apache2-vHosts and Test<\/strong><\/p>\n
The following command enables the two Nextcloud vHosts (http\/https):<\/p>\n
sudo a2ensite 001-nextcloud.conf\r\nsudo a2ensite 001-nextcloud-le-ssl.conf\r\nsudo systemctl restart apache2<\/pre>\n
live migration only<\/strong><\/em> deactivate maintenance mode in Nextcloud:<\/p>\n
sudo -u www-data php \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/occ maintenance:mode --off<\/pre>\n
andf create cronjob for user www-data cron-job:<\/p>\n
sudo crontab -u www-data -e<\/pre>\n
insert the line there:<\/p>\n
*\/15 * * * * php -f \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/cron.php<\/pre>\n
We can test the Nextcloud instance by entering the new IP address in our local hosts file on our workstation:<\/p>\n
Linux:<\/p>\n
\/etc\/hosts<\/pre>\n
Windows:<\/p>\n
C:\\Windows\\System32\\drivers\\etc\\hosts<\/pre>\n
Again, check the log files and if there are no errors, then either live migration or wait until new DNS record was distributed.
\nThe LetsEncrypt certificate will then be renewed with:<\/p>\n
sudo certbot --apache<\/pre>\n
If the login button does not work after migration or testing, it may be enough to comment the line with „instanceid“ in config.php.<\/p>\n
That’s it for today and good luck with „Nextclouding“ \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n