Since Nextcloud has released the High Performance Backend as OpenSource under AGPL License, i tried my luck to install it on Ubuntu without docker, but many people had problems or run other OS as Ubuntu/Debian and asked “what about docker?”. Ok, without is a little bit tricky, so let us go with docker:

Requirements:

– a VPS with docker and docker-compose (Tested on Ubuntu 18.04 and 20.04 LTS) (you can get one here @netcup with 5€ Discount or start at Hetzner Cloud with 20€ start credits)
– shell access and appropriate rights
– One DNS A and possibly AAAA record for our nginx vhost and stun/turn-server (I use signaling.example.com for all three services in this guide)
– Optional – a second DNS A and possibly AAAA record for stun/turnserver

Hardware Requirements:

4 CPU
8 GB RAM
32 GB Disk-Space

See also: Nextcloud Portal

You can also test a smaller server if you don’t have that many users

Step 1: Install Firewall and other packages

First of all, you should install a firewall to secure your VPS (if not installed) and allow incoming traffic to port 80/443, 22 (ssh) and for coturn on port 3478tcp/udp only. For Securing ssh-access you can use fail2ban and passwordless authentication. Many guides for this are out there.

apt install ufw -y
ufw allow http
ufw allow https
ufw allow ssh
ufw allow 3478/tcp
ufw allow 3478/udp
ufw enable

Accept with “y”

Step 2: Install git, docker and docker-compose

Install docker:

curl -sSL https://get.docker.com/ | CHANNEL=stable sh
systemctl enable docker.service
systemctl start docker.service

and now docker-compose and git with:

sudo apt install -y docker-compose git

Step 3: Clone git-Repository and build Images

we clone the git-Repository to /opt

cd /opt/
git clone https://github.com/strukturag/nextcloud-spreed-signaling.git && cd nextcloud-spreed-signaling

create a random hex key (STATIC_SECRET) for your nextcloud talk app and signaling server with:

openssl rand -hex 32

and a hashkey:

openssl rand -base64 16

a blockkey:

openssl rand -base64 16

a Nextcloud SHARED_SECRET for Signaling:

openssl rand -hex 16

an API-KEY:

openssl rand -base64 16

and copy all for later use, then edit docker-compose.yml

nano docker-compose.yml

adjust the following entries REALM and STATIC_SECRET:

version: '3'

services:
  spreedbackend:
    build: .
    volumes:
      - ./server.conf:/config/server.conf
    network_mode: host
    restart: unless-stopped
    depends_on:
      - nats
      - janus
      - coturn
  nats:
    image: nats:2.1
    volumes:
      - ./gnatsd.conf:/config/gnatsd.conf
    command: ["-c", "/config/gnatsd.conf"]
    network_mode: host
    restart: unless-stopped
  janus:
    build: docker/janus
    command: ["janus", "--full-trickle"]
    network_mode: host
    restart: unless-stopped
  coturn:
    build: docker/coturn
    network_mode: host
    environment:
      REALM: signaling.example.com
      STATIC_SECRET: openssl rand -hex 32
    restart: unless-stopped

then generate server.conf:

nano server.conf

and copy and paste the following (please adjust your backends and secrets):

[http]
listen = 127.0.0.1:8080
[app]
debug = false

[sessions]
hashkey = openssl rand -base64 16
blockkey = openssl rand -base64 16

[backend]
backends = backend-1 #here you can add more backends commaseparated backend-1, backend-2, backend-3
allowall = false
timeout = 10
connectionsperhost = 8

[backend-1]
url = https://nextcloud.example.com
secret = openssl rand -hex 16

#[backend-2]
#url = https://nextcloud2.example.com
#secret = openssl rand -hex 16

#[backend-3]
#url = https://nextcloud3.example.com
#secret = openssl rand -hex 16


[nats]
url = nats://localhost:4222

[mcu]
type = janus
url = ws://localhost:8188

[turn]
apikey = openssl rand -base64 16
secret = openssl rand -hex 32
servers = turn:localhost:3478?transport=udp,turn:localhost:3478?transport=tcp

save file and change rights to 644:

chmod 644 server.conf

and then build the images:

docker-compose build

you have to wait a little bit before you can continue.

then bring the complete stack up with:

docker-compose up -d

now you should have at least 4 containers running:

docker ps

then go to next step.

Step 4: Install nginx and create vHost for signaling server

Now we will install nginx as reverse proxy for our high performance backend:

apt install nginx python3-certbot-nginx -y

and create the vHost:

nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/signaling

copy, paste and adjust:

server {
    listen 80;
    server_name signaling.example.com;
    }

and activate vhost:

ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/signaling /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/signaling

then check with:

nginx -t

and reload

systemctl reload nginx

now use certbot to obtain a certificate:

certbot --authenticator standalone --installer nginx -d signaling.example.com --pre-hook "service nginx stop" --post-hook "service nginx start"

then paste the following config in the vHost-conf:

mv /etc/nginx/sites-available/signaling /tmp/signaling.bak && nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/signaling

upstream signaling {
    server 127.0.0.1:8080;
}

server {
    server_name signaling.example.com;

    listen 443 ssl; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/signaling.example.com/fullchain.pem; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/signaling.example.com/privkey.pem; # managed by Certbot
    include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-nginx.conf; # managed by Certbot
    ssl_dhparam /etc/letsencrypt/ssl-dhparams.pem; # managed by Certbot
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000; includeSubdomains; preload";

location /standalone-signaling/ {
        proxy_pass http://signaling/;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

    location /standalone-signaling/spreed {
        proxy_pass http://signaling/spreed;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    }

}
server {
    if ($host = signaling.example.com) {
        return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
    } # managed by Certbot


    listen 80;
    server_name signaling.example.com;
    return 404; # managed by Certbot


}

and check an reload nginx:

nginx -t

if ok

systemctl reload nginx

Step 5: Configure nextcloud to use stun/turn and signaling server

Now we are ready to add turn/stun- and signaling-server to our Nextcloud

Go to Settings, Talk and enter the following:

And then enjoy your High Performance Backend.

Problems with the tutorial? Then comment below or contact me per Mail or Mastodon.

I will be happy if you would support my work here.

Happy nextclouding and do not forget to share ?

Sources:
Picture from Alexandra_Koch on Pixabay
Struktur AG
Tested on netcup
Tested on Hetzner Cloud

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